2019年世界人口展望 Understanding global population trends and anticipating the demographic changes to come are crucial to the achievement of the 2030Agenda for Sustainable Development. The 2030Agenda emphasizes that people are at the centre of sustainable development,echoing the ideals set forth in the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development adopted in Cairo in 1994.Population trends observed over the past few decades point to substantial progress made towards several of the Sustainable Development Goals （SDGs） so far.Examples include reduced mortality,particularly among children,as well as increased access to sexual and reproductive health care and enhanced gender equality that have empowered women to decide freely and responsibly the number,spacing and timing of their children. Recent demographic trends are harbingers of the future challenges to sustainable development. For example,countries experiencing rapid population growth,most of which are in sub-Saharan Africa,must provide schooling and health care to growing numbers of children,and ensure education and employment opportunities to increasing numbers of youth. Countries where population growth has slowed or stopped must prepare for an increasing proportion of older persons and, in some cases,decreasing population size. These and other challenges can be addressed in part by anticipating coming demographic trends and incorporating that information into policies and planning. The United Nations population estimates and projections form a comprehensive set of demographic data to assess population trends at the global, regional and national levels. They are used in the calculation of many of the key development indicators commonly used by the United Nations system,including for more than one third of the indicators used to monitor progress towards the achievement of the sDGs. The 2019 revision of the World Population Prospects is the twenty-sixth edition of the United Nations population estimate sand projections,which have been prepared since1951 by the Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs.The 2019 revision presents population estimates from 1950 until the present for 235 countries or areas, which have been developed through country-specific analyses of historical demographic trends. It builds on previous revisions by incorporating additional results from the 2010 and 2020 rounds of national population censuses as well as information from vital registration and recent nationally representative household surveys.The 2019 revision also presents population projections to the year 2100 that reflect a range of plausible outcomes at the global, regional and country levels. 【更多详情,请下载：2019年世界人口展望】