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儿童极端贫困的新估计
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本文使用来自89个国家的家庭调查来估计发展中国家儿童的极端贫困率。这些估算是基于与世界银行官方贫困估算相同的调查和福利措施。在18岁以下的儿童中，估计每天有19.5％的人每天生活费低于1.90美元，而18岁及以上的成年人中，这一数字为9.2％。0至4岁儿童的贫困率很高，而5至9岁儿童的贫困率略高，随后的较大年龄组的贫困率稳步下降。该分析还研究了在相应调整国际贫困线时，基于年龄的贫困估计数对使用替代家庭当量表的敏感性。对于所有合理的两参数当量表，儿童的贫困率仍然高于17％，并且高于成人的贫困率。
详情描述
儿童极端贫困的新估计 Introduction A wealth of evidence indicates that early childhood investments in human capital are critical for improving productivity and living standards. Poor families， however， often cannot afford to make these crucial investments in childhood health， nutrition and education. In part to monitor the extent to which poverty constrains human capital investment， the Sustainable Development Goals place particular emphasis on disaggregating poverty and other measures of welfare by age. This paper does SO for children， in the context of the first Sustainable Development Goal， which aims to "By 2030， eradicate extreme poverty for all people everywhere， currently measured as people living on less than $1.90 a day." How many of the extreme poor population are children and what are their characteristics? Unfortunately global child extreme poverty estimates， unlike global counts， are only calculated and published sporadically. Batana et al （2013）， estimate extreme child poverty rates using household survey data from 73 countries， collected between 1992 and 2005. That study estimates that 38.4 percent of children younger than 18 lived on less than $1.25 per day in 2000， as compared with 31.4 percent of people overall. Meanwhile， Olinto et al （2013） use data from 73 countries between 2000 and 2009， to which they apply the prevailing headcount poverty rates for 2010， measured using the 2005 Purchasing Power Parity （PPP） exchange rates. 【更多详情，请下载：儿童极端贫困的新估计】
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