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美国肾脏病数据系统2019年年度报告
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数据简介
慢性肾脏病（CKD）已经成为世界范围内严重危害人类健康的公共卫生问题，目前全球范围内CKD的发病率为9%~12%，中国CKD的患病率为10.8%。CKD晚期即终末期肾脏疾病（ESRD）的标准治疗为肾脏替代治疗（RRT，包括透析和/或肾移植），RRT消耗巨大的经济和社会成本。报告对肾脏疾病的发病率、患病率、患者临床特征、治疗方式、血管通路、住院率、死亡率、移植情况及心血管并发症等，也对特殊人群包括儿童、青少年和青年ESRD患者的数据进行了统计分析，同时还对医疗花费、患者用药、临终医疗等进行了总结。
详情描述
This year marks the publication of the 3oth Annual Data Report (ADR) of the United States Renal DataSystem (USRDS)。 Broadly, the mission of the USRDS is to characterize the kidney disease population in thecountry and serve as a comprehensive, regularly updated, online resource for the descriptive epidemiologyof kidney disease in the United States。 In addition, supporting investigator initiated research by dataprovisioning to the community of researchers is one of the key functions of the USRDS。 To this end, theUSRDS prepares and regularly updates the standard analysis files (SAFs) for researchers, and fulfills datamerge requests from researchers or organizations seeking to examine the outcomes of populations ofinterest with respect to the occurrence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and related complications。 Last butnot least, the USRDS Coordinating Center staff respond to a variety of queries related to kidney disease,ranging from simple to complex, from individuals as well as governmental and non-governmental agencies。 Both federal and non-federal agencies have done much to raise awareness of kidney disease as a significant public health problem。 Only few decades ago kidney failure was a fatal disease。 When dialysis wasdeveloped and made available as a chronic therapy, lack of insurance coverage represented a barrier totreatment。 This resulted in the passage of the landmark Medicare ESRD program in 1972 to fund ESRD carefor all Americans。 In 1988, the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) established theUSRDS, the largest and most comprehensive national ESRD surveillance system。The initial USRDS ADRsoffered a detailed descriptive epidemiology of ESRD alone。 A chapter addressing chronic kidney disease(CKD) was introduced in 2003, and was subsequently expanded into a multi-chapter CKD volume since2009。 Since 2000, CKD has received increasing attention。 The consensus definition and staging classification ofCKD from KDOQI was first published in 2002 as the KDOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines for Chronic KidneyDisease: Evaluation, Classification, and Stratification。 That year also marked the launch of NIDDK's NationalKidney Disease Education Program (NKDEP)。 NKDEP provides information for patients and providersregarding the detection of CKD and care of people with the disease。 In 2006, the Centers for Disease Controland Prevention launched a broad CKD initiative, with the CDC CKD Surveillance System as its majorcomponent。 This project prioritizes the earlier stages of CKD, as opposed to ESRD, or the late transitions ofcare from advanced stages of CKD to ESRD。 In the 201g ADR, we continue to characterize the spectrum of CKD and ESRD patient populations, anddescribe the distributions of patients by attributes such as age, sex, race, and comorbid conditions。 【更多详情，请下载：美国肾脏病数据系统2019年年度报告】
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